Administrator's Guide

Appendix E. Glossary

The terms in this glossary are defined as they pertain to the ADSM library. If you do not find the term you are looking for, refer to the IBM Dictionary of Computing, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1994.

This glossary may include terms and definitions from:

A

absolute
A backup copy group mode value indicating that a file is considered for incremental backup even if the file has not changed since the last backup. See also mode. Contrast with modified.

access mode
A storage pool and storage volume attribute that specifies whether data can be written to or read from storage pools or storage volumes. The access mode can be read/write, read-only, or unavailable. Volumes in primary storage pools can also have an access mode of destroyed. Volumes in copy storage pools can also have an access mode of offsite.

accounting facility
A facility that records statistics about client session activity.

accounting records
Files that record session resource usage at the end of each client session.

activate
The process of validating the contents of a policy set and copying the policy set to the ACTIVE policy set.

active policy set
The policy set within a policy domain that contains the most recently activated policy currently in use by all client nodes assigned to that policy domain. See policy set.

active version
The most recent backup copy of a file stored by ADSM. Such a file is exempt from deletion until a backup detects that the user has either replaced the file with a newer version, or has explicitly deleted the file from the workstation. Contrast with inactive version.

activity log
A log that records normal activity messages generated by the server. These messages include information about server and client operations, such as the start time of sessions or device I/O errors. Each message includes a message ID, date and time stamp, and a text description. The number of days to retain messages in the activity log can be specified.

administrative client
A program that runs on a file server, workstation, or mainframe that allows administrators to control and monitor the server through administrator commands. Contrast with backup-archive client.

administrative command schedule
A database record that describes the planned processing of an administrative command during a specific time period. See also client schedule.

administrative privilege class
A permission granted to an administrator that controls the commands that the administrator can issue. See system privilege class, analyst privilege class, operator privilege class, policy privilege class or storage privilege class.

administrative session
A period of time in which an administrator user ID can communicate with a server to perform administrative tasks. Contrast with client node session.

administrator
A user who has been registered to the server. Administrators can be authorized to one or more of the following administrative privilege classes: system, policy, storage, operator, or analyst. Administrators can use the administrative client to enter server commands and queries in accordance with their privileges.

administrator definition
Server control information that includes the administrator's name, password, contact information, administrative privilege classes, policy domains and storage pools assigned to an administrator, and whether the administrative ID is locked from the server. An administrator definition can be exported from a source server and imported to a target server at a later date.

ADSM
ADSTAR Distributed Storage Manager.

ADSM application program interface (API)
A set of functions that applications running on a client platform can call to store, query, and retrieve objects from ADSM storage.

ADSTAR Distributed Storage Manager (ADSM)
A client/server program that provides storage management to customers in a multivendor computer environment.

Advanced Interactive Executive (AIX)
An operating system used in the RISC System/6000 computers. The AIX operating system is IBM's implementation of the UNIX operating system.

Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking (APPN)
An extension to the LU6.2 peer orientation for end-user services. See SNA LU6.2 and Systems Network Architecture.

Advanced Program-to-Program Communication (APPC)
An implementation of the SNA/SDLC LU6.2 protocol that allows interconnected systems to communicate and share the processing of programs. See SNA LU6.2, Systems Network Architecture, and Common Programming Interface Communications.

AFS
Andrew file system.

aggregate file
A file, stored in one or more storage pools, consisting of a group of logical files packaged together. See logical file and physical file.

AIX
Advanced Interactive Executive.

analyst privilege class
An administrative privilege class that allows an administrator to reset statistics.

Andrew file system (AFS)
A distributed file system developed for UNIX operating systems.

API
Application program interface.

APPC
Advanced Program-to-Program Communication.

APPN
Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking.

archive
A function that allows users to copy one or more files to a storage pool for long-term storage. Archive copies may be accompanied by descriptive information and may be retrieved by archive date, by file name, or by description. Contrast with retrieve.

archive copy
A user file that has been archived to an ADSM storage pool.

archive copy group
A policy object containing attributes that control the generation, destination, and expiration of archive files. An archive copy group belongs to a management class.

ARCHIVEPOOL
A disk storage pool defined by ADSM at installation. It can be the destination for client files that are archived to the server. See storage pool.

archive retention grace period
The number of days ADSM retains an archive copy when the server is unable to rebind the file to an appropriate management class.

AS/400
Application System/400.

assigned capacity
The portion of available space that can be used to store database or recovery log information. See also available space.

association
The relationship between a client node and a client schedule. An association identifies the name of a schedule, the name of the policy domain to which the schedule belongs, and the name of a client node that performs scheduled operations.

audit
The process of checking for logical inconsistencies between information that the server has and the actual condition of the system. ADSM has processes for auditing volumes, the database, libraries, and licenses. For example, in auditing a volume ADSM checks for inconsistencies between information about backed up or archived files stored in the database and actual data associated with each backup version or archive copy in server storage.

authentication
The process of checking a user's password before allowing that user access to the server. Authentication can be turned on or off by an administrator with system privilege.

autochanger
A small multislot tape device that has a mechanism that automatically puts tape cartridges into the tape drive or drives. Also called medium or media changer, or a library.

availability management
Managing recovery from relatively common computer system outages such as a disk drive head crash. Recovery is often accomplished by using disk mirroring and other forms of RAID technology, or by maintaining onsite backup copies of data.

available space
The amount of space, in megabytes, that is available to the database and recovery log. This space can be used to extend the capacity of the database or recovery log, or to provide sufficient free space before a volume is deleted from the database or recovery log.

awk
In AIX, a pattern-matching program for processing text files. With the DRM feature, you can use an awk script to break up the disaster recovery plan file into usable parts.

B

background process
A server process that runs in the background, allowing the administrative client to be used for other work.

backup
The process of copying information for safekeeping. ADSM has processes for backing up user files, the database, and storage pools. For example, users can back up one or more files to a storage pool to ensure against loss of data. Contrast with restore. See also database backup series and incremental backup.

backup-archive client
A program that runs on a workstation or file server and provides a means for users to back up, archive, restore, and retrieve files. Contrast with administrative client.

backup copy
A user file that has been backed up to an ADSM storage pool.

backup copy group
A policy object containing attributes that control the generation, destination, and expiration of backup files. A backup copy group belongs to a management class.

BACKUPPOOL
A disk storage pool defined by ADSM at installation. It can be the destination for client files that are backed up to the server. See storage pool.

backup retention grace period
The number of days ADSM retains a backup version after the server is unable to rebind the file to an appropriate management class.

backup series
See database backup series.

backup version
A file, directory, or file space that a user has backed up, which resides in ADSM server storage. There may be more than one backup version of a file in the storage pool, but at most only one is an active backup version. See active version and inactive version.

binding
The process of associating a file with a management class name. See rebinding.

boot media
Media that contains operating system and other files essential to running a workstation or server.

buffer
Storage used to compensate for differences in the data rate flow, when transferring data from one device to another.

buffer pool
Temporary space used by the server to hold database or recovery log pages. See database buffer pool and recovery log buffer pool.

buffer pool size
The size of an area in memory used to store database or recovery log pages.

C

cache
The process of leaving a duplicate copy on random access media when the server migrates a file to another storage pool in the hierarchy.

CARTRIDGE
On ADSM servers that support it, a device class that is used to categorize tape devices that support tape cartridges, such as the 3495 Tape Library Dataserver.

cartridge system tape (CST)
The base tape cartridge media used with 3480 or 3490 Magnetic Tape Subsystems. When specified as a media type in ADSM, CST identifies standard length tape. Contrast with enhanced capacity cartridge system tape.

central scheduler
A function that allows an administrator to schedule client operations and administrative commands. The operations can be scheduled to occur periodically or on an explicit date. See client schedule and administrative command schedule.

CID
Configuration Installation and Distribution.

client
A program running on a PC, workstation, file server, LAN server, or mainframe that requests services of another program, called the server. There are three types of ADSM clients: administrative, backup-archive, and space management. See administrative client, backup-archive client, and space management client.

Client Access/400
A software product that supports advanced program-to-program communications (APPC) in the DOS, OS/2, and Microsoft Windows environments and provides a set of end user services.

client domain
The set of drives, file systems, or volumes selected by a backup-archive client user during a backup or archive operation.

client migration
The process of copying a file from a client node to ADSM storage and replacing the file with a stub file on the client node. The process is controlled by the user and by space management attributes in the management class. See also space management.

client node
A file server or workstation on which the backup-archive client program has been installed, which has been registered to the server.

client node definition
Server control information that includes the client's user ID, password, contact information, policy domain, file compression status, deletion authority, and whether the user ID is locked from the server. A client node definition can be exported from a source server so that it can be imported to a target server at a later date.

client node session
A period of time in which a user can communicate with a server to perform backup, archive, restore, or retrieval requests. Contrast with administrative session.

client options file
A file that a client can edit, containing a default set of processing options that identify the server, communication method, backup and archive options, space management options, and scheduling options. Also called the dsm.opt file.

client polling scheduling mode
A client/server communication technique where the client queries the server for work.

client schedule
A database record that describes the planned processing of a client operation during a specific time period. The client operation can be a backup, archive, restore, or retrieve operation, a client operating system command, or a macro. See also administrative command schedule.

client/server
A system architecture in which one or more programs (clients) request computing or data services from another program (server).

client system options file
A file, used on UNIX clients, containing a default set of processing options that identify the ADSM servers to be contacted for services. This file also specifies communication methods and options for backup, archive, space management, and scheduling. Also called the dsm.sys file. See also client user options file.

client user options file
A user-created file, used on UNIX clients, containing a default set of processing options that identify the server, communication method, backup and archive options, space management options, and scheduling options. Also called the dsm.opt file. See also client system options file.

closed registration
A registration process in which an administrator must register workstations as client nodes with the server. Contrast with open registration.

collocation
A process that attempts to keep all data belonging to a single client node or a single client file space on a minimal number of sequential access media volumes within a storage pool. The purpose of collocation is to minimize the number of volumes that must be accessed when a large amount of data must be restored.

commit
To make changes permanent in the database files. Changes made to the database files are not permanent until they are committed.

Common Programming Interface Communications (CPI-C)
A programming interface that allows program-to-program communication using SNA LU6.2. See also Systems Network Architecture.

Common User Access (CUA)
Guidelines for the dialog between a human and a workstation or terminal. One of the three Systems Application Architecture areas.

communication manager
A component of OS/2 that allows a workstation to connect to a host computer and use the host resources as well as the resources of other personal computers to which the workstation is attached, either directly or through a host.

communication method
The method used by a client and server for exchanging information.

communication protocol
A set of defined interfaces that allow computers to communicate with each other.

compression
The process of saving storage space by eliminating empty fields or unnecessary data to shorten the length of the file. In ADSM, compression can occur at a workstation before files are backed up or archived to server storage. On some types of tape drives, hardware compression can be used.

Configuration Installation and Distribution (CID)
IBM's term for capabilities to automate installation. CID-enabled products are capable of unattended, remote installation.

conversion
On VM servers, the process of changing from WDSF/VM to ADSM.

copy group
A policy object that contains attributes that control the generation, destination, and expiration of backup and archive files. There are two kinds of copy groups: backup and archive. Copy groups belong to management classes. See also frequency, destination, mode, serialization, retention, and version.

copy status
The status of volume copies defined to the database or recovery log. The copy status can be synchronized, stale, off-line, or undefined.

copy storage pool
A named set of volumes that contains copies of files that reside in primary storage pools. Copy storage pools are used to back up the data stored in primary storage pools. A copy storage pool cannot be a destination for a backup copy group, an archive copy group, or a management class (for space-managed files). See primary storage pool and destination.

CPI-C
Common Programming Interface Communications.

CST
Cartridge system tape.

CUA
Common User Access.

D

daemon
In the AIX operating system, a program that runs unattended to perform a standard service. Some daemons are triggered automatically to perform their tasks; others operate periodically.

daemon process
In the AIX operating system, a process begun by the root user or by the root shell that can be stopped only by the root user. Daemon processes generally provide services that must be available at all times, such as sending data to a printer.

damaged file
A physical file for which ADSM has detected read errors.

DASD
Direct access storage device.

database
A collection of information about all objects managed by the server, including policy management objects, users and administrators, and client nodes.

database audit
A utility that checks for and optionally corrects inconsistent database references.

database backup series
One full backup of the database, plus up to 32 incremental backups made since that full backup. Each full backup that is run starts a new database backup series. A backup series is identified with a number.

database backup trigger
A set of criteria that defines when and how database backups are run automatically. The criteria determine how often the backup is run, whether the backup is a full or incremental backup, and where the backup is stored.

database buffer pool
Storage that is used as a cache to allow database pages to remain in memory for long periods of time, so that the server can make continuous updates to pages without requiring input or output (I/O) operations from external storage.

database dump
The action performed by the DSMSERV DUMPDB utility (DMPADSM command on AS/400), which copies ADSM database entries to media for later reload in case a catastrophic error occurs.

database load
The action performed by the DSMSERV LOADDB utility (LODADSM command on AS/400), which copies ADSM database entries from media to a newly installed database.

database volume
A volume that has been assigned to the database.

dataserver
See Tape Library Dataserver.

data set
See linear data set.

DDM
Distributed Data Management.

default management class
A management class assigned to a policy set, which is used to govern backed up or archived files when a user does not explicitly bind a file to a specific management class.

deletion exit
An installation-wide exit that informs a tape management system or operator that the server has deleted a sequential access media volume from its database.

delimiter
(1) A character used to indicate the beginning and end of a character string.
(2) A character that groups or separates words or values in a line of input.

density
On MVS and VM servers, a device class attribute that identifies the bits per inch that can be stored on tape reels. ADSM supports 1600 and 6250 bits per inch (bpi).

desktop client
The group of clients supported by ADSM that include clients on OS/2, DOS, Windows, Apple, and Novell NetWare operating systems.

destination
A copy group or management class attribute that specifies the primary storage pool to which a client file will be backed up, archived, or migrated. At installation, ADSM provides storage destinations named BACKUPPOOL, ARCHIVEPOOL, and SPACEMGPOOL.

device class
A named group of storage devices. Each device class has a unique name and represents a device type of disk, file, optical disk, or tape.

device configuration file
A file that contains information about defined device classes, and, on some ADSM servers, defined libraries and drives. The file can be created by using an ADSM command or by using an option in the server options file. The information is a copy of the device configuration information in the ADSM database.

device driver
A collection of subroutines that control the interface between I/O device adapters and the processor.

device type
A category of storage device. Each device class must be categorized with one of the supported device types, for example, DISK or CARTRIDGE.

direct access storage device (DASD)
A device in which access time is effectively independent of the location of the data.

disaster recovery
Recovery from catastrophic interruptions of computer systems, such as loss of the system location because of natural events. Backup data is kept offsite to protect against such catastrophes.

Disaster Recovery Manager (DRM)
An ADSM feature that assists in preparing and later using a disaster recovery plan for the ADSM server.

disaster recovery plan
A document that contains information about how to recover computer systems if a disaster occurs. With DRM, the plan is a file that contains information about the software and hardware used by the ADSM server, and the location of recovery media.

DISK
A device class that is defined by ADSM at installation. It is used to categorize disk drives, such as 3390 DASD or 3380 DASD.

disk operating system (DOS)
An operating system used in IBM PC, PS/2, and compatible computers.

Distributed Data Management (DDM)
A feature of the System Support Program Product that allows an application program (client) to use server program functions to work on files that reside in a remote system.

DLL
Dynamic link library.

DLT
Digital linear tape.

domain
See policy domain or client domain.

DOS
Disk operating system.

drive
A device used to read and write data on a medium such as a disk, diskette, or tape.

DRM
Disaster Recovery Manager.

dsm.opt file
See client options file and client user options file.

dsmserv.opt
See server options file.

dsm.sys file
See client system options file.

dynamic
A copy group serialization value that specifies that ADSM accepts the first attempt to back up or archive a file regardless of whether the file is modified during the backup or archive process. See also serialization. Contrast with shared dynamic, shared static, and static.

dynamic link library
A file containing executable code and data bound to a program at load time or run time, rather than during linking. The code and data in a dynamic link library can be shared by several applications simultaneously.

E

ECCST
Enhanced capacity cartridge system tape.

enhanced capacity cartridge system tape (ECCST)
Cartridge system tape with increased capacity that can only be used with 3490E tape subsystems. Contrast with cartridge system tape.

error log
A character file written on random access media that contains information about errors detected by the server or client.

estimated capacity
The available space, in megabytes, of a storage pool.

Ethernet
A data link protocol and LAN that interconnects personal computers and workstations via coaxial cable.

event
Administrative commands or client operations that are scheduled to be executed at a particular time.

event record
A database record that describes actual status and results for events.

exclude
The process of identifying files or directories in an include-exclude list to prevent these objects from being backed up whenever a user or schedule issues an incremental or selective backup operation, or to prevent these objects from being migrated off the client node via ADSM space management.

exclude-include list
See include-exclude list.

exit
To execute an instruction within a portion of a computer program in order to terminate the execution of that portion.

exit machine
On a VM server, a virtual machine that runs the mount and deletion installation-wide exits on VM systems.

expiration
The process by which files are identified for deletion because their expiration date or retention period has passed. Backed up or archived files are marked expired by ADSM based on the criteria defined in the backup or archive copy group.

expiration date
On MVS, VM, and VSE servers, a device class attribute used to notify tape management systems of the date when ADSM no longer needs a tape volume. The date is placed in the tape label so that the tape management system does not overwrite the information on the tape volume before the expiration date.

export
The process of copying administrator definitions, client node definitions, policy definitions, server control information or file data to external media.

export/import facility
See import/export facility.

extend
The process of increasing the portion of available space that can be used to store database or recovery log information. Contrast with reduce.

F

file data
File space definitions, authorization rules, backed up files, archive copies, and space-managed files. File data can be exported from a source server to external media so that it can be imported to a target server at a later date.

file record extent
The extent of the file enumerated in number of records.

file space
A logical space in a client's storage that can contain a group of files. For clients on systems such as OS/2, a file space is a logical partition and is identified by a volume label. For clients on systems such as AIX and UNIX, a file space can consist of any subset of directories and subdirectories stemming from a virtual mount point. Clients can restore, retrieve, or delete their file spaces from ADSM server storage. ADSM does not necessarily store all the files from a single file space together, but can identify all the files in server storage that came from a single file space.

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
In TCP/IP, the protocol that makes it possible to transfer data among hosts and to use foreign hosts indirectly.

format
A device class attribute that specifies the recording format used to read or write to sequential access media, for example to cartridge tape.

frequency
A copy group attribute that specifies the minimum interval, in days, between incremental backups.

FTP
File Transfer Protocol.

full backup
An ADSM function that copies the entire database. A full backup begins a new database backup series. Contrast with incremental backup. See database backup series.

fuzzy copy
A backup version or archive copy of a file that might not accurately reflect what is currently in the file because ADSM backed up or archived the file while the file was being modified.

G

GUI
Graphical user interface.

H

HDA
Head-disk assembly.

head-disk assembly (HDA)
A field replaceable unit in a direct access storage device containing the disks and actuators.

hierarchical storage management (HSM) client
A program that runs on workstations to allow users to maintain free space on their workstations by migrating and recalling files to and from ADSM storage. The HSM client allows use of ADSM space management functions. Synonymous with space management client.

high migration threshold
A percentage of the storage pool capacity that identifies when ADSM can start migrating files to the next available storage pool in the hierarchy. Contrast with low migration threshold. See server migration.

HP-UX
Hewlett-Packard UNIX operating system. HP-UX is one of the operating systems that ADSM supports as a client environment and a server environment.

HSM client
Hierarchical storage management client.

I

import
The process of copying administrator definitions, client node definitions, policy definitions, server control information or file data from external media to a target server.

import/export facility
The facility that allows system administrators to copy definitions and file data from a source server to external media to move or copy information between servers. Any subset of information can be imported to a target server from the external media.

inactive version
A backup version of a file for which a more recently backed up version exists. Inactive backup versions are eligible for expiration processing according to the management class assigned to the file. Contrast with active version.

include-exclude file
On UNIX clients, a file containing statements that ADSM uses to determine whether to back up or migrate certain files, and to determine the associated management classes to use for backup, archive, and space management. See include-exclude list.

include-exclude list
A group of include and exclude option statements in a file. ADSM uses the statements to determine whether to back up or migrate certain files, and to determine the associated management classes to use for backup, archive, and space management. The exclude options identify files that should not be backed up or migrated off the client node. The include options identify files that are exempt from the exclusion rules, or assign a management class to a file or group of files for backup, archive, or space management services. The include-exclude list is defined either in the include-exclude file (for UNIX clients) or in the client options file (for other clients).

incremental backup
(1) A function that allows users to back up files or directories that are new or have changed since the last incremental backup. With this function, users can back up files or directories from a client domain that are not excluded in the include-exclude list and that meet the requirements for frequency, mode, and serialization as defined in the backup copy group of the management class assigned to the files. Contrast with selective backup.
(2) An ADSM function that copies only the pages in the database that are new or changed since the last full or incremental backup. Contrast with full backup. See database backup series.

internal mounting facility
On a VM server, a VM facility that allows the server to request tape mounts by sending a message to a mount operator. The message is repeated until the tape is mounted or until the mount wait time is exceeded.

inter-user communication vehicle (IUCV) facility
On a VM server, a VM communication method used to pass data between virtual machines and VM components.

IPX/SPX
Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange. IPX/SPX is Novell NetWare's communication protocol.

IUCV
Inter-user communication vehicle.

K

KB
Kilobyte.

kernel
The part of an operating system that performs basic functions such as allocating hardware resources.

kernel extension
A program that modifies parts of the kernel that can be customized to provide additional services and calls. See kernel.

kilobyte (KB)
1024 bytes.

L

LAN
Local area network.

length
A device class attribute that specifies the length of cartridge tape by specifying one of the following media types: CST for standard length tape or ECCST for double length tape.

library
(1) A repository for demountable recorded media, such as magnetic tapes.
(2) In ADSM, a collection of one or more drives, and possibly robotic devices (depending on the library type), which can be used to access storage volumes.
(3) In the AS/400 system, a system object that serves as a directory to other objects. A library groups related objects, and allows the user to find objects by name.

linear data set
A type of MVS data set that ADSM uses for the database, the recovery log, and storage pools. The data set must be preallocated using VSAM IDCAMS and formatted by ADSM for its use. See minidisk.

load
See mount.

local area network (LAN)
A network in which a set of devices are connected to one another for communication and that can be connected to a larger network.

logical file
A client file stored in one or more server storage pools, either by itself or as part of an aggregate file. See also aggregate file and physical file.

logical occupancy
The space required for the storage of logical files in a storage pool. Because logical occupancy does not include the unused space created when logical files are deleted from aggregates, it may be less than physical occupancy. See also physical file and logical file.

logical volume
The combined space from all volumes defined to either the database or the recovery log. In ADSM, the database is one logical volume and the recovery log is one logical volume.

log pool size
The size of an area in memory used to store recovery log pages.

low migration threshold
A percentage of the storage pool capacity that specifies when ADSM can stop the migration of files to the next storage pool. Contrast with high migration threshold. See server migration.

M

machine information
Details about the machine on which a client node resides.

macro file
An optional file that contains one or more administrative commands and is invoked from an administrative client.

management class
A policy object that users can bind to each file to specify how the server manages the file. The management class can contain a backup copy group, an archive copy group, and space management attributes. The copy groups determine how the ADSM server manages backup versions or archive copies of files. The space management attributes determine whether files are eligible for migration from client nodes to ADSM storage, and under what conditions. See also copy group, binding and rebinding.

mask
A pattern of characters that controls the keeping, deleting, or testing of positions of another pattern of characters or bits.

maximum extension
Specifies the maximum amount of storage space, in megabytes, that you can extend the database or recovery log.

maximum reduction
Specifies the maximum amount of storage space, in megabytes, that you can reduce the database or recovery log.

maximum utilization
The highest percentage of assigned capacity used by the database or recovery log.

MB
Megabyte.

megabyte (MB)
(1) For processor storage and real and virtual memory, 220 or 1 048 576 bytes.
(2) For disk storage capacity and transmission rates, 1 000 000 bytes.

migrate
(1) To move data from one storage pool to the storage pool specified as the next pool in the hierarchy. The process is controlled by the high and low migration thresholds for the first storage pool. See high migration threshold and low migration threshold.
(2) To copy a file from a client node to ADSM storage. ADSM replaces the file with a stub file on the client node. The process is controlled by the include-exclude list and by space management attributes in management classes.

migration
The process of moving data from one storage location to another. See client migration and server migration.

minidisk
A logical subdivision of a VM physical disk that provides storage on contiguous cylinders of DASD. On a VM server, a minidisk can be defined as a disk volume that can be used by the database, recovery log, or a storage pool. See also linear data set.

mirroring
A feature that protects against data loss within the database or recovery log by writing the same data to multiple disks at the same time. Mirroring supports up to three exact copies of each database or recovery log volume.

mm
Millimeter.

mode
A copy group attribute that specifies whether to back up a file that has not been modified since the last time the file was backed up. See modified and absolute.

modified
A backup copy group mode value indicating that a file is considered for incremental backup only if it has changed since the last backup. A file is considered changed if the date, size, owner, or permissions have changed. See mode. Contrast with absolute.

Motif
A graphical user interface that performs window management and contains a high level toolkit for application program development. It provides an icon view of the UNIX file system. Also known as X-Windows/Motif or Motif X--Toolkit.

mount
To place a data medium (such as a tape cartridge) on a drive in a position to operate.

mount exit
On a VM server, an installation-wide exit (DSMMOUNT EXEC) that requests tape mounts on behalf of the server on VM systems.

mount limit
A device class attribute specifying the maximum number of volumes that can be simultaneously accessed from the same device class, that is, the maximum number of mount points. See mount point.

mount operator
On a VM server, a VM user ID that can receive tape mount messages from the server.

mount point
A logical drive through which ADSM accesses volumes in a sequential access device class. For a device class with a removable media device type (for example, CARTRIDGE), a mount point is a logical drive associated with a physical drive. For a device class with the device type of FILE, a mount point is a logical drive associated with an I/O stream. The number of mount points for a device class is determined by the mount limit for that class. See mount limit.

mount request
A server request to mount a sequential access media volume so that data can be read from or written to the sequential access media.

mount retention period
A device class attribute that specifies the maximum amount of time, in minutes, that the server retains a mounted sequential access media volume that is not being used before it dismounts the sequential access media volume.

mount wait period
A device class attribute that specifies the maximum amount of time, in minutes, that the server waits for a sequential access volume mount request to be satisfied before canceling the request.

Multiple Virtual Storage (MVS)
One of the family of IBM operating systems for the System/370 or System/390 processor, such as MVS/ESA. MVS is one of the supported server environments.

MVS
Multiple Virtual Storage.

N

Named Pipes
A communication protocol that is built into the OS/2 operating system. It can be used to establish communications between an ADSM/2 server and OS/2 clients. The client and ADSM/2 server must reside on the same system.

NetBIOS
Network Basic Input/Output System.

network adapter
A physical device, and its associated software, that enables a processor or controller to be connected to a network.

Network Basic Input/Output System (NetBIOS)
An operating system interface for application programs used on IBM personal computers that are attached to the IBM Token-Ring Network.

Network File System (NFS)
A protocol defined by Sun Microsystems that extends TCP/IP network file services. NFS permits remote node files to appear as though they are stored on a local workstation.

Networking Services/DOS (NS/DOS)
A software product that supports advanced program-to-program communications (APPC) in the DOS and Microsoft Windows 3.1 environments. With NS/DOS, communications applications on your workstation "talk to" partner applications on other systems that support APPC.

NFS
Network File System.

node
A unique name used to identify a workstation to the server. See also client node.

notify operator
A VM user ID that specifies an operator who receives messages about severe errors and abnormal conditions.

O

object
A collection of data managed as a single entity.

offsite recovery media
Media that is kept at a different location to ensure its safety if a disaster occurs at the primary location of the computer system. The media contains data necessary to recover the ADSM server and clients. The offsite recovery media manager, which is part of DRM, identifies recovery media to be moved offsite and back onsite, and tracks media status.

offsite volume
A removable media volume that is at a location where it cannot be mounted for use.

open registration
A registration process in which users can register their own workstations as client nodes with the server. Contrast with closed registration.

Operating System/2 (OS/2)
An operating system used in IBM PC AT, PS/2, and compatible computers. OS/2 is one of the supported client environments and one of the supported server environments.

operator privilege class
An administrative privilege class that allows an administrator to issue commands that control the operation of the server. This privilege class allows disabling or halting the server to perform maintenance, enabling the server, canceling server processes, and managing tape.

optical library
A disk storage device that houses optical disk drives and optical disks, and contains a mechanism for moving optical disks between a storage area and optical disk drives.

OS/2
Operating System/2.

OS/400
Operating System/400.

owner
The owner of backup-archive files sent from a multiuser client node, such as AIX.

P

page
(1) A block of instructions, data, or both.
(2) In ADSM, a unit of space allocation within database volumes.
(3) In a virtual storage system, a fixed block that has a virtual address and is transferred as a unit between real storage and auxiliary storage.

paging
(1) The action of transferring instructions, data, or both, between real storage and external page storage.
(2) Moving data between memory and a mass storage device as the data is needed.

pattern-matching expression
A string expression that uses wildcard characters to specify one or more ADSM objects. See also wildcard character.

PC Support/400
A software product that supports advanced program-to-program communications (APPC) in the DOS, OS/2, and Microsoft Windows environments and provides a set of end user services.

physical file
A file, stored in one or more storage pools, consisting of either a single logical file, or a group of logical files packaged together (an aggregate file). See also aggregate file and logical file.

physical occupancy
The occupancy of physical files in a storage pool. This is the actual space required for the storage of physical files, including the unused space created when logical files are deleted from aggregates. See also physical file, logical file, and logical occupancy.

platform
The operating system environment in which a program runs.

policy definition
Server control information that includes information about policy domains, policy sets (including the ACTIVE policy set), management classes (including the default management class), copy groups, schedules, and associations between client nodes and schedules. A policy definition can be exported from a source server so that it can be imported to a target server at a later date.

policy domain
A policy object that contains policy sets, management classes, and copy groups that is used by a group of client nodes. See policy set, management class, and copy group.

policy privilege class
An administrative privilege class that allows an administrator to manage policy objects, register client nodes, and schedule client operations (such as backup services) for client nodes. Administrators can be authorized with unrestricted or restricted policy privilege. See unrestricted policy privilege or restricted policy privilege.

policy set
A policy object that contains a group of management class definitions that exist for a policy domain. At any one time there can be many policy sets within a policy domain but only one policy set can be active. See management class and active policy set.

premigration
For an HSM client, the process of copying files that are eligible for migration to ADSM storage, but leaving the original file intact on the local system.

primary storage pool
A named set of volumes that ADSM uses to store backup versions of files, archive copies of files, and files migrated from client nodes via ADSM space management. A primary storage pool may be backed up to a copy storage pool either automatically or by command. See destination and copy storage pool.

privilege class
A level of authority granted to an ADSM administrator. ADSM has five privilege classes: system, policy, storage, operator, and analyst. The privilege class determines which ADSM administrative tasks the administrator can perform. For example, an administrator with system privilege class can perform any administrative task.

protection status
A device class attribute that specifies whether to update the RACF profile to identify which users have access to cartridge tapes associated with this device class on MVS servers.

Q

QIC
Quarter-inch cartridge (a type of magnetic tape media).

R

random access media
Any volume accessed in a nonsequential manner. In ADSM, volumes are accessed in a nonsequential manner if they reside in the DISK device class.

randomization
The percentage of the startup window that the server can use to randomize start times for different client nodes associated with a schedule.

rebinding
The process of associating a file with a new management class name. For example, rebinding occurs when the management class associated with a file is deleted. See binding.

recall
A function that allows users to access files that have been migrated from their workstations to ADSM storage via ADSM space management. Contrast with migrate.

reclamation
A process of consolidating the remaining data from many sequential access media onto a single new sequential access media.

reclamation threshold
A value that specifies a percentage of space on sequential access media volumes that can be occupied by reclaimable space. The remainder of the space is for active data. (Space becomes reclaimable when files are expired.)

recovery log
A log of updates that are about to be written to the database. The log can be used to recover from system and media failures.

recovery log buffer pool
Used to hold new transactions records until they can be written to the recovery log.

recovery media
Media that contains data necessary to recover the ADSM server and clients.

reduce
The process of freeing up enough space to allow you to delete a volume from the database or recovery log. Contrast with extend.

REEL
On ADSM servers that support it, a device class that is used to categorize tape devices that support tape reels, such as the 3420 9-track tape device.

register
(1) Define a client node or administrator who can access the server. See registration.
(2) Specify licenses that have been purchased for the server.

registration
The process of identifying a client node or administrator to the server.

reply operator
On a VM server, a VM user ID that specifies an operator who will reply to tape mount requests by the server.

restore
The process of returning a backup copy to an active storage location for use. ADSM has processes for restoring its database, storage pools, storage pool volumes, and users' backed-up files. For example, users can copy a backup version of a file from the storage pool to the workstation. The backup version in the storage pool is not affected. Contrast with backup.

restricted policy privilege
An administrative privilege class that enables an administrator to manage policy objects only for the policy domains for which the administrator has been authorized.

restricted storage privilege
An administrative privilege class that enables an administrator to control the allocation and use of storage resources only for the storage pools for which the administrator has been authorized.

retention
The amount of time, in days, that inactive backed up or archived files will be retained in the storage pool before they are deleted. The following copy group attributes define retention: retain extra versions, retain only version, retain version.

retention period
On an MVS server, a device class attribute that specifies how long files are retained on sequential access media. When used, ADSM passes this information to the MVS operating system to ensure that other tape management systems do not overwrite tape volumes that contain retained data.

retrieve
A function that allows users to copy an archive copy from the storage pool to the workstation. The archive copy in the storage pool is not affected. Contrast with archive.

rollback
To remove changes that were made to database files since the last commit point.

root
In the AIX and UNIX environments, the user name for the system user with the most authority.

root user
In the AIX and UNIX environments, an expert user who can log in and execute restricted commands, shut down the system, and edit or delete protected files. Also called the superuser.

S

schedule
A database record that describes scheduled client operations or administrative commands. See administrative command schedule and client schedule.

scheduling mode
The type of scheduling operation set for the server and client. ADSM supports two scheduling modes for client operations: client-polling and server-prompted.

scratch volume
A volume that is available for ADSM use. The volume is labeled, is either blank or contains no valid data, and is not defined to ADSM.

SCSI
Small computer system interface.

selective backup
A function that allows users to back up specific files or directories from a client domain. With this function, users can back up files or directories that are not excluded in the include-exclude list and that meet the requirement for serialization as defined in the backup copy group of the management class assigned to the files. Contrast with incremental backup.

sequential access media
Any volume that is accessed in a sequential manner, as opposed to a random manner. In ADSM, volumes are accessed sequentially if they reside in a device class other than DISK.

serialization
A copy group attribute that specifies what ADSM does if files are modified during back up or archive processing. The value of this attribute determines whether processing continues, is retried, or is stopped. See static, dynamic, shared static, and shared dynamic.

server
The program that provides backup, archive, space management, and administrative services to clients. The server program must be at the necessary level to provide all of these services.

server migration
The process of moving data from one storage pool to the next storage pool as controlled by the high and low migration thresholds. See high migration threshold and low migration threshold.

server options file
A file that specifies processing options for communication methods, tape handling, pool sizes, language, and date, time, and number formats.

server-prompted scheduling mode
A client/server communication technique where the server contacts the client when work needs to be done.

server storage
The primary and copy storage pools used by the server to store users' files: backup versions, archive copies, and files migrated from client nodes (space-managed files). See primary storage pool, copy storage pool, storage pool volume, and volume.

session resource usage
The amount of wait time, CPU time, and space used or retrieved during a client session.

shared dynamic
A copy group serialization value that specifies that a file must not be modified during a backup or archive operation. ADSM attempts to retry the backup or archive operation a number of times; if the file is in use during each attempt, ADSM will back up or archive the file on its last try even though the file is in use. See also serialization. Contrast with dynamic, shared static, and static.

shared static
A copy group serialization value that specifies that the file must not be modified during backup or archive. ADSM will retry the backup or archive operation a number of times; if the file is in use during each attempt, ADSM will not back up or archive the file. See also serialization. Contrast with dynamic, shared dynamic, and static.

shell
In the AIX and UNIX environments, a software interface between a user and the operating system of a computer. Shell programs interpret commands and user interactions on devices such as keyboards, pointing devices, and touch-sensitive screens and communicate them to the operating system.

SMIT
System Management Interface Tool.

SNA LU6.2
Systems Network Architecture Logical Unit 6.2.

socket
(1) An endpoint for communication between processes or applications.
(2) A pair consisting of TCP port and IP address, or UDP port and IP address.

source server
A server that can send data, in the form of virtual volumes, to another server. Contrast with target server.

space-managed file
A file that is migrated from and recalled to a client node via ADSM space management.

space management
The process of keeping sufficient free storage space available on a client node by migrating files to ADSM storage. The files are migrated based on criteria defined in management classes to which files are bound, and the include-exclude list. Synonymous with hierarchical storage management. See also migration.

space management client
A program that runs on workstations to allow users to maintain free space on their workstations by migrating and recalling files to and from ADSM storage. Synonymous with hierarchical storage management client.

SPACEMGPOOL
A disk storage pool defined by ADSM at installation. It can be the destination for files that are migrated from client nodes via ADSM space management. See storage pool.

stale copy status
Specifies that a volume copy is not available to the database or recovery log.

STANDARD copy group
A backup or archive copy group that is defined by ADSM at installation. See copy group.

STANDARD management class
A management class that is defined by ADSM at installation. See management class.

STANDARD policy domain
A policy domain that is defined by ADSM at installation. See policy domain.

STANDARD policy set
A policy set that is defined by ADSM at installation. See policy set.

stanza
A group of lines in a file that together have a common function or define a part of the system. Stanzas are usually separated by blank lines or colons, and each stanza has a name.

startup window
A time period during which a schedule must be initiated.

static
A copy group serialization value that specifies that the file must not be modified during backup or archive. If the file is modified during the attempt, ADSM will not back up or archive the file. See also serialization. Contrast with dynamic, shared dynamic, and shared static.

storage hierarchy
A logical ordering of primary storage pools, as defined by an administrator with system privilege. Generally, the ordering is based on the speed and capacity of the devices that the storage pools use. In ADSM, the storage hierarchy is defined by identifying the next storage pool in a storage pool definition. See storage pool.

storage management services
A component that allows a central system to act as a file backup and archive server for local area network file servers and workstations.

storage pool
A named set of storage volumes that ADSM uses to store client data. A storage pool is either a primary storage pool or a copy storage pool. See primary storage pool and copy storage pool.

storage pool volume
A volume that has been assigned to an ADSM storage pool. See volume, copy storage pool, and primary storage pool.

storage privilege class
An administrative privilege class that allows an administrator to control the allocation and use of storage resources for the server, such as monitoring the database, recovery log, and server storage. Administrators can be authorized with unrestricted or restricted storage privilege. See restricted storage privilege or unrestricted storage privilege.

stub file
A file that replaces the original file on a client node when the file is migrated from the client node to ADSM storage.

superuser
See root user.

synchronized copy status
Specifies that the volume is the only volume copy or is synchronized with other volume copies in the database or recovery log. When synchronized, mirroring has started.

system privilege class
An administrative privilege class that allows an administrator to issue all server commands.

Systems Application Architecture (SAA)
Software interfaces, conventions, and protocols that provide a framework for designing and developing applications that are consistent across systems.

Systems Network Architecture (SNA)
A set of rules for data to be transmitted in a network. Application programs communicate with each other using a layer of SNA called advanced program-to-program communications (APPC).

T

tape library
(1) A term used to refer to a collection of tape cartridges.
(2) An automated device that performs tape cartridge mounts and demounts without operator intervention.

Tape Library Dataserver
An automated tape library consisting of mechanical components, cartridge storage frames, IBM tape subsystems, and controlling hardware and software. The tape library dataserver performs tape cartridge mounts and demounts without operator intervention.

tape volume prefix
A device class attribute that is the high-level-qualifier of the file name or the data set name in the standard tape label.

target server
A server that can receive data sent from another server. Contrast with source server. See also virtual volumes.

TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.

Telnet
In TCP/IP, the protocol that opens the connection to the system.

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
A set of communication protocols that support peer-to-peer connectivity functions for both local and wide area networks.

trusted communication agent
A program that performs communication tasks on behalf of the client or server, and ensures the security of the communications.

U

unit name
On an MVS server, a device class attribute that specifies a group of tape devices used with the MVS server. A unit name can be a generic device type, an esoteric unit name, or a physical device.

UNIX System Services
MVS/ESA services that support an environment within which operating systems, servers, distributed systems, and workstations share common interfaces. UNIX System Services supports standard application development across multivendor systems and is required to create and use applications that conform to the POSIX standard. UNIX System Services was formerly known as OpenEdition MVS.

unrestricted policy privilege
An administrative privilege class that enables an administrator to manage policy objects for any policy domain.

unrestricted storage privilege
An administrative privilege class that enables an administrator to control the database, recovery log, and all storage pools.

utilization
The percent of assigned capacity used by the database or recovery log at a specific point of time.

V

validate
The process of ensuring that the active policy set contains a default management class and reporting on copy group definition errors.

version
The maximum number of backup copies retained for files and directories. The following copy group attributes define version criteria: versions data exists and versions data deleted.

Virtual Machine (VM)
One of the family of IBM operating systems for the System/370 or System/390 processor, including VM/ESA, VM/XA, VM/SP, and VM/HPO. VM is one of the supported server environments.

Virtual Storage Extended (VSE)
One of the family of IBM operating systems for the System/370 or System/390 processor, including VSE/ESA. VSE is one of the supported server environments.

virtual volume
A volume that appears to be a sequential media volume on a source server but that is actually stored as an archive file on a target server.

VM
Virtual Machine.

volume
The basic unit of storage for the database, recovery log, or a storage pool. A volume can be an LVM logical volume, a standard file system file, a tape cartridge, or an optical cartridge. Each volume is identified by a unique volume identifier. See database volume, scratch volume, and storage pool volume.

volume history file
A file that contains information about: volumes used for database backups and database dumps; volumes used for export of administrator, node, policy, or server data; and sequential access storage pool volumes that have been added, reused, or deleted. The information is a copy of the same types of volume information in the ADSM database.

volume set
An entire image of the database or recovery log, as displayed on the administrative graphical user interface.

VSE
Virtual Storage Extended.

W

WDSF/VM
Workstation Data Save Facility/Virtual Machine.

wildcard character
A character or set of characters used to specify an unknown number or set of characters in a search string. Also called pattern-matching character.

Workstation Data Save Facility/Virtual Machine (WDSF/VM)
The predecessor product to ADSTAR Distributed Storage Manager.

WORM
A type of optical media that can only be written to and cannot be erased.

X

X Windows
A network transparent windowing system developed by MIT. It is the basis for other products, such as Enhanced X Windows which runs on the AIX operating system.

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